HAIR ANATOMY



HAIR

Hair Shaft - The shaft is the visible part of the hair that sticks out of the skin

Hair Root - The hair root is in the skin and extends down to the deeper layers of the skin.

Hair Follicle - A sheath of skin and connective tissue surrounding the root. Responsible for growing your hair.

Sebaceous Gland - Connected to the hair follicle and secretes complex oils  

Arrector Pili Muscle - A tiny muscle that can make the hair stand up. mediates thermoregulation by contracting to increase air-trapping.

Nerves - Many nerves end at the hair follicle too. These nerves sense hair movement and are sensitive to even the slightest draft.

Hair Bulb - The hair bulb is situated at the base of each hair follicle, and contains your growing hair cells.

Hair Pupilla - supplies the hair root with blood, is found inside the bottom of the hair bulb.


Hair is composed of three main layers:


1. Cuticle - The outermost layer of the hair shaft consists of overlapping, protective scales known as cuticles. These scales help protect the inner layers of the hair and contribute to its overall strength and elasticity.


2. Cortex - Beneath the cuticle is the cortex, which makes up the majority of the hair shaft. The cortex contains proteins, including keratin, which determine the strength, color, and texture of the hair. The arrangement and structure of these proteins contribute to the curl pattern of the hair.


3. Medulla - The innermost layer, the medulla, is a soft, spongy core present in some hair types. However, it's often absent or not well-defined in many people's hair.


Each strand of hair grows from a hair follicle, located in the dermis of the skin. The hair follicle has associated structures, such as the sebaceous gland (produces sebum for hair lubrication) and the arrector pili muscle (responsible for hair follicle contraction, causing "goosebumps").


Understanding the anatomy of hair is crucial for proper hair care and maintenance. Different hair types may require specific care routines to keep the cuticle intact, maintain moisture, and promote overall hair health.

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